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Temple, Nicholas and Tracada, Eleni (2019) (Re)invoking humanism in modernity: architecture and spectacle in Fascist Italy. In: The Routledge handbook on the reception of classical architecture. Routledge handbook series . Routledge, London, pp. 373-393. ISBN 9781138047112
This substantial co-authored chapter examines the influence of early 20th century debates on Humanism on developments in architecture and spectacle in Fascist Italy. During a time when eminent philosophers and historians of Renaissance culture were engaged in disputes about the meaning and philosophical value of Renaissance Humanism, parallel architectural developments were taking place (specially in Italy) on the inter-relationships between modernism and classicism. These alliances were subject to much disagreement among architectural pundits (both practitioners and academics) that also drew heavily on the legacy of humanism; perceived by some as a distinctly Italian intellectual and creative movement. The chapter focuses on a number of key disputes in both Germany and Italy during the interwar period (specifically between Benedetto Croce and Giovanni Gentile and Martin Heidegger and Ernesto Grassi) that provided the basis of a fertile intellectual milieu for articulating arguments about the role of humanism in architectural creativity. Among the many architects discussed, Giuseppe Terragni, Gustavo Giovannoni and Giovanni Michelucci are the main sources, each presenting very different notions of 'Romanitas' during the period of Fascism.
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