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Phillips, Reni (2026) 'The difference is that they haven’t only observed, they’ve actually practised it': how virtual reality is reshaping pornography’s fantasy/reality debates. Journal of Gender-Based Violence. pp. 1-25. ISSN 2398-6808
This study examines the relationship between the rapidly expanding genre of virtual reality pornography and the long-standing pornography fantasy/reality debates. Through an in-depth literature review and interviews with key experts, the article explores how the digital landscape and emerging technological developments, such as virtual reality pornography, are reshaping this discourse, questioning the ethical implications of the virtual reality medium, including the implications for sexual violence. The findings illustrate that the fantasy/reality binary is inadequate to analyse the saturation of new pornographic forms and functions available, including immersive and participatory capabilities of virtual reality media, where fantasy and reality are co-active. Using a phenomenological lens, this article introduces the new concept of ‘pornality’ as an innovative framework for examining the multiple realities of virtual reality pornography. This concept offers a way to transcend binary framings, raises new avenues of inquiry, and examines the technological capabilities of developing pornographic modalities by extending the limitations of traditional media frameworks. By opening more productive dialogues, this research illustrates how a pornality framework can reshape academic and policy discourse, enabling us to consider future-proofing in new ways.
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