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Pande, Jamna Ballabh (1948) Vulcanisation of rubber by sulphur under homogeneous conditions "the hard rubber reaction". Doctoral thesis, Northern Polytechnic.
Investigations of the course of vulcanization have mostly been conducted in the solid rubber-sulphur phase. Weber, who for the first time undertook such study, obtained results which showed that during vulcanization a continuous aeries of addition products of sulphur and the rubber hydrocarbon were being formed. Spence and Young later thoroughly investigated the course of vulcanization again in the solid phase. They vulcanized acetone-extracted para-rubber with 10 parts of sulphur at 135° and 155° C respectively. Values for combined sulphur obtained after 2 hour intervals gave a non-hyperbolic curve free from breaks, unlike that obtained by Weber.
If during the process of vulcanization, compounds were being formed between sulphur and rubber hydrocarbon, it should be possible to test the homogeneity of the product by fractional peptization. The different fractions should have percentages of sulphur that differ from those which follow. It should also be possible to separate vulcanized products from unattacked raw rubber.
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