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Pandya, Sujal V. and Brotas, Luisa (2014) Tall buildings and the urban microclimate in the City of London. In: PLEA 2014 – 30th Conference, Sustainable Habitats for Developing Societies, 16-18 December 2014, Ahmedabad, India.
The design of tall buildings can be quite complex not only in architectural, structural or façade system terms but also in their interrelations with the environment. Recent design developments have shown a growing consideration for this micro-climate interface as a part of a sustainable design strategy for tall buildings towards bioclimatic urban fabrics. Architects and urban planners recognize that the importance of activities at street level is a constant reality. Many efforts are made to develop sustainable skyscrapers where the co-relation with the surrounding environment influences the architecture, land use pattern, public realm and street activities. The aim of this study is to understand the environmental or bioclimatic factors, which take part in the creation of microclimate relations between tall buildings and the urban city fabric. The research includes a brief understanding of bioclimatic design of tall building focusing in its relation to surrounding neighbourhoods. The impact of environmental factors namely wind flow patterns around buildings, daylight availability and overshadowing, air temperature and humidity, as well as the urban heat island phenomena, landscape and albedo of materials, vehicular & pedestrian movements and activity patterns at street levels in tall building clusters is addressed. A series of environmental variables measured during summer and simulated results of Canary Wharf and Liverpool Street clusters are compared to understand how the urban microclimates are affected within two different urban fabric typologies in London. Outcomes of literature review and these two case studies give useful guidelines to be utilized in the process of Sustainable urban design.
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