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State-of-art technologies to detect the DNA damage and repair in sperm and future outlook

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Li, Qing, Guo, Juncen, Wu, Sixian, Shang, Lijun and Xu, Wenming (2023) State-of-art technologies to detect the DNA damage and repair in sperm and future outlook. Translational Andrology and Urology, 12 (2). pp. 148-151. ISSN 2223-4683

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Abstract

Sperm provides half of the DNA required to fertilize an egg. If the DNA in sperm is damaged, it may be unable to fertilize the egg, or if fertilization occurs, the resulting embryo may fail to progress normally or properly implant into the uterine lining. Sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) is a measurement used to determine the amount of sperm that have abnormal genetic material and has been becoming widely used in clinic. A DFI above 30% is related to infertility and above 20% is regarded to be suboptimal. Previous study found that in couples with unexplained infertility 26% of men had a DFI of 20% or greater and currently it is estimated that about 5.7% high DFI percentage in the sub-fertility patients. In a recent paper, Farkouh et al, have systematically compared the advantage and disadvantage of the current different methods to evaluate the DNA fragmentation in sperm. Furthermore, the authors used strengths-weaknesses-opportunities-threats (SWOT) analysis to provide advice on the DFI in the future clinical usage. However, development on more precise and clinically useful biomarker for sperm DNA damage is still a very challenging task and worth of further investigation.

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